API STD 510:2001 pdf download

API STD 510:2001 pdf download.Pressure Vessel lnspection Code:Maintenance Inspection, Rating,Repair, and Alteration.
5.1PREPARATORY WORK
Safety precautions are important in pressure vessel inspection because of the limited access lo and the confined spaces of pressure vessels. Oecupational Safely and Health Adrminis-tration (OSHA) regulations pertaining to confinced spaces and any other OSHA safely rules should be reviewed and fol-lowed, where applicable.
For an internal inspection, the vessel should be isolated byblineds or other positive methods lrom all sources of liquids,
gases，or vapors.The vessel should be drained, purgod,cleaned, ventilated.and gas tested before it is entecred. Whererequired,protoctive equipment should be worn that will pro-loct the cycs.lungs,anid other pans of the body lrom specific harards that may cxist in the vessel.
The nondlesiructive lesting equiprment used for the inspec-tion is subjcet to the salely requirements cuslomarily lollowed in a gaseous atmosphere. Before the inspeetion is started. all persons working around the vessel should heinlormeci that people are going to be working inside it. Peopleworking inside the vessel should be informed when any workes going to be done on the exterior ofit.
The tools and personnel safety equipment needied for the vessel inspection should be checked before the inspection.Other equipment that might be needed for the inspeetiom,such as planking,scallolding. bosun ‘s chairs, and portablelacklers,should be available if needed.
5.2MODES OF DETERIORATION AND FAILURE
Contaminants in fluids handled in pressure vessels, such assulfur, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogem, carbon. cyanides.
aeieis,wrater,or other corrocing spceies may react with metalsand cause corrosion.Significant siress fluctuations or revcrsalsin parts of equipment are conmon,particularly at points of high secondary stress. If stresses are high and reversals are freqivent，faxilure of’ parts may occur because oe fatigue. Fatiguefailures in pressure vessels may also occur because of cyclicl temperature and pressure changes.