API G00004:2001 pdf download

API G00004:2001 pdf download.Guidelines for Commercial Exploration and Production Waste Management Facilities.
By altering the physical and chemical characteristics of the waste stream. these processes can impnwe waste handling aintftw limit the solubility or detoxify the chemical constituents present in the waste. The result is a more acceptable waste for ultimate disposal (i.e.. lower permeability, lower contaminant leaching rate).
3,3.4 Ulianing the distance to potentiall exposed populations
The most imwtant factors in determining air emissions risks to human health are the distance to potentially expaed populations. The facility should be designed so that the risks from air emissions will be within acceptable limits at the fenccline of the facility. Where moving the entire facility or acquiring a large buffer tone are not feasiNe. it may be necessary to employ treatment methods that have higher emission reduction potential or to locate higher emitting operations only in the area of the facility that is furthest from the community. For example. higher-VOC wastes could be treated only at remote areas of the facility. These techniques could be combined with pretreatment or changes to the treatment process to reduce potential human exposure to emissions.
3.4 %Iiligation Options For Isaporation Ponds. Mixing Basins. Land Treatment, and Other Similar Treatment Methods
The following section provides options for reducing VOC emissions from non-aerated surface impoundments. evaporation ponds, and mixing basins. including treatment methods such as land spreading. land farming, and road mixing. While the suggestions contained herein are not exhaustive. they can he used to assist the facility in designing measures to reduce the potential for air emissions from facility operations that may psse risks to human health and the environment.
Much like aerated surbee impoundments and land treatment units, the four broad options available to facilities for reducing exposure to human populations and the environment also apply in this case.
3.4.1 Alteting the operational practices at the facility
See discussion in section 3.3.2 of this Chspter for options applicable to evaporaiwn pondc and ?nLring basins.
Ljnd treatment units. The rate of emissions from a land treatment unIt is directly related to the concentration of hydrocarbons present in the waste, the volatility of the hydrocarbons, the rate of application of the waste, the rate of hiodegrutbtion of the waste, and the soil’s moisture content. One obvious option for reducing emissions from land treatment units is lo decrease the rate at which wastes arc applied to the unit and ensure that waste is not applied wlwn wind conditions are likely to increase emissions.