ASME B16.49:2017 pdf free download

ASME B16.49:2017 pdf free download.Factory-Made, Wrought Steel, Buttwelding lnduction Bends for Transportation and Distribution Systems.
cylinder: a joint of pipe produced by a rolling and welding plate, as opposed to a joint of pipe produced in accordance with a recognized specification.
extrodos: the outside arc of the bend.
intrados: the inside arc of the bend.
minimum (design) wall thickness: the wall thickness specified or computed in accordance with the piping code as the minimum acceptable for the temperature and pressure application.
nominal (design) wall thickness,. the wall thickness specified on the order or marked on the bend.
ovality, %: ((O.D. max. – O.D. min.)/(O.D. nom)J x 100, where O.D. is a linear measurement of the maximum, minimum, or nominal outside diameter.
qualification bend: a bend segment that is produced and tested, and is used to qualify the bending procedure.
transition zone: the area, at the tangent points of a bend. that covers the change (transition) from unheated to heated material.
NOTE: The terms bender and manufacturer are used interchangeably in this Standard.
1.11 Ordering Information
The purchaser shall be responsible to specify all the ordering information necessary to purchase the needed bends. Examples of such information include. but are not limited to, the following:
(a) quantity
(b) description of bend and nominal dimensions (i.e., size, bend radius, wall thickness, bend angle, tangent lengths, etc.)
(c) steel composition by grade
(d) seamless or welded
(e) specification number (including year)
(f) supplementary requirements from section SkIS
(g) additional requirements
Nonmandatory Appendix B is provided as one possible guideline for providing the required Information.
2 PRESSURE RATINGS
2.1 BasIs of Ratings
The allowable internal pressure rating for bends designed in accordance with this Standard shall not he less than that which is calculated for straight seamless pipe (or for pipe welded with a joint efficiency factor of 1.0) of equivalent material (as shown by comparison of composition and mechanical properties in the respective material specifications) in accordance with the rules established in the applicable sections of the referencing code for pressure piping. For these calculations, applicable data for the nominal size, nominal wall thickness, and material equivalent to that of the bend material shallbe used. Nominal size, nominal wall thickness, and mate-rial identity markings on the bend may be used in lieu ofpressure-rating markings.
2.2 Design of Bends
The required internal pressure design thickness at theintrados (inside radius) of the bend shall be determined inaccordance with eq. (1) of this Standard.The thickness atthe neutral axis (see Figure 1) and on the extrados (outerradius) of the bend shall be no less than the mating pipedesign thickness or the customer-specified minimum wall thickness.