ASTM A400:17 pdf download

ASTM A400:17 pdf download.Standard Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical Properties.
1.1 This practice covers the selection of steel bars according to section and to the mechanical properties desired in the part to he produced. This is not a specification for the procurement of steel. Applicable procurement specifications are listed in Section 5.
1.2 Several steel compositions intended for various sections and mechanical property requirements are presented in Tables 1-6. The criteria for placing a steel composition in one of the three general class designations, Classes P. Q. and R (described in Section 4) are as follows:
1.2.1 Classes P and Q should be capable of developing the mechanical properties shown in Tables 1-4 by liquid quenching from a suitable austenitizing temperature, and tempering at 800 °F (427 °C) or higher. A hardness indicated by tests made at a location shown in Fig. 1, A, B, or C, is taken as evidence that a composition is capable of meeting other equivalent mechanical properties shown in the tables. Normal good shop practices are assumed, with control of austenitizing and tempering temperatures, and mild agitation of the part in the quenching bath.
1.2.2 Clas.s R should he capable of developing the mechanical properties shown in Tables 5 and 6 as hot rolled, by cold drawing, or by cold drawing with additional thermal treatment. The locations for obtaining tension tests are described in 6.2.
1 .3 It is not implied that the compositions listed in the tables are the only ones satisfactory for a certain class and mechanical property requirement. Steels with lower alloy contents are often satisfactory through the use of special processing techniq uc s.
1 .4 The values stated in inch-pound units arc to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3.Significance and Use
3.1 If the desired mechanical properties are as described in4.1.1 for material identified as Classes P-1 through P-7，or in4.1.2 for material identified as Classes Q-1 through Q-7,thestrength level desired can be based on hardness or theequivalent tensile or yield strength as shown in Tables 1-4.Ifthe desired mechanical properties are as set forth in 4.1.3 formaterial identified as Classes R-1 through R-6,the strengthlevel is based on yield strength as shown in Tables 5 and 6.3.2 The user,after determining the mechanical propertyrequirements of the critical section (that carrying the greateststress) of the part,should select the composition or composi-tions from Tables 1-6 that fulfills these requirements and ismost suitable for processing.