ASTM D7206:19 pdf download

ASTM D7206:2019 pdf download.Standard Guide for Cyclic Deactivation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC)Catalysts with Metals.
7.2.4.1 Catalyst is poured into an evaporating dish. The dish shall be large enough to allow for a catalyst bed height of ½ in.
7.2.4.2 Slowly pour the dissolved metals solution into the dish with catalyst while mixing at the same time. Wash the residual naphthenate from the glass beaker with pentane and add the wash to the catalyst.
7.2.4.3 Stir the sample with a spoonula until it is completely dry. The appearance of very small lumps in the catalyst after drying is normal. Large lumps indicate improper drying and shall he avoided. This can he done by adding enough pentane to moisten the catalyst then repeating the stirring process. High levels of vanadium naphthenate will cause the sample to appear gummy and is normal.
7.2.4.4 High Levels of Vanadium Naphthenate—When an impregnation calls for more than 5000 ppm vanadium, the impregnation should be done in two steps. Otherwise, the volume of naphthenate will overwhelm the volume of catalyst used, affecting the accuracy in reaching the target level. If over 5000 ppm vanadium is required, divide the required volume of vanadium naphthenate in half, impregnate, post-treat, and impregnate again by adding the second half followed by a second post-treat. If nickel is also requested, this should be divided and added to the catalyst along with the vanadium.
7.2.4.5 A ntimonv Addition—If antimony is requested, tn phenylantimony is added to the catalyst after the nickel and vanadium have been added and the post treatment has been completed. The impregnation procedure is the same as the nickel and vanadium impregnation except that cyclohexane is used instead of pentane. Antimony will not dissolve in pentane.
7.2.5 Catalyst Post-i reatnent After Impregnation—After the impregnated sample has dried, it is placed in a vented muffle furnace and heat treated to remove the naphthenates and coke formed. The dishes are placed in the furnace at room temperature and the temperature is raised to 204 °C [400 °F] and held at temperature for I h. The sample is then calcined at 593 °C (1100 °F1 for 3 h) before being removed and allowed to cool to room temperature.
7.2.6 Steam Deactivation—Several methods exist, each requiring specific conditions. An example of such a method is shown in Table 1.
8. Crack-on Approach 1: Alternating Cracking and Deactivation Cycles
8.1 Summary of Practice:
8.1.1The crack-on units consist of a fluid bed reactor with a fritted gas distributor on the bottom. Nitrogen, air, steam, and other specialty gasses can be fed through the bottom. Oil can be delivered either from the top or bottom of the reactor depending on the method. Temperature is controlled by a three zone electric furnace. A disengaging section on the top of the reactor prevents catalyst loss during operation.