ISO 16994:2015 pdf download

ISO 16994:2015 pdf download.Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine
1 Scope
This International Standard describes methods for the determination of the total sulfur and total chlorine content in solid biofuels. This International Standard specifies two methods for decomposition of the fuel and different analytical techniques for the quantification of the elements in the decomposition solutions. The use of automatic equipment is also included in this International Standard, provided that a validation is carried out as specified and that the performance characteristics are similar to those of the method described in this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14780 2) , Solid biofuels — Sample preparation
ISO 16559, Solid biofuels ― Terminology, definitions and descriptions
ISO 16967:2015, Solid biofuels — Determination of major elements
EN 14918 3) , Solid biofuels — Determination of calorific value
ISO 18134-3 4) , Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 3: Moisture in general analysis simple
ISO 10304-1, Water quality — Determination of dissolved anions by liquid chromatography of ions — Part 1:Determination of bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and sulfate
ISO 11885, Water quality — Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)
CEN Guide 13:2008, Validation of environmental test methods
ISO 16967, Solid biofuels — Determination of major elements
3Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16559 and the following apply.
3.1 reference material
material or substance one or more of whose property values are sufficiently homogeneous and well-established to be used for the calibration of an apparatus, the assessment of a measurement method, or for assigning values to materials
Add 1 ml water into the bomb [also see EN 14918 8) if the calorific value is determined simultaneously]. Alternatively, the water can be omitted or more water (up to 5 ml) can be used. If the content of chlorine or sulfur exceeds 2 % (m/m) alkaline solutions may be used to neutralize the acidic compounds produced. When ion chromatography is used for determination, the absorption solution may be the mobile phase, e.g. a carbonate/bicarbonate solution. In all cases, the calibration of the method and the blank tests have to be done with the same amount and the same kind of receiving solution.