ISO 4590:2016 pdf download

ISO 4590:2016 pdf download.Rigid cellular plastics — Determination of the volume percentage of open cells and of closed cells
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a general procedure for the determination of the volume percentage of open and of closed cells of rigid cellular plastics, by measurement first of the geometrical volume and then of the air-impenetrable volume of test specimens.
The procedure includes the correction of the apparent open-cell volume by taking into account the surface cells opened by cutting during specimen preparation. Three alternative methods (method 1, method 2a and method 2b), and corresponding apparatus, are specified for the measurement of the impenetrable volume.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1923, Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of linear dimensions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 surface area
total surface area of the test specimen determined by measuring its geometrical dimensions
3.2 geometrical volume
volume of the test specimen determined by measuring its geometrical dimensions
3.3 surface/volume ratio
ratio for the test specimen
3.4 impenetrable volume
volume of the test specimen into which air cannot penetrate and from which gas cannot escape, under the test conditions
4 Principle
The surface area S and geometrical volume V g of a number of test specimens, each having a different geometrical surface/volume ratio r, is determined.
The impenetrable volume V i is determined by either of two methods, namely
a) method 1 — by pressure variation (pyknometer), and
b) method 2 — by volume expansion.
The determination of the impenetrable volume V i is based on the application of the Boyle-Mariotte law to a gas confined in an indeformable chamber, first in the absence and then in the presence of a test specimen.
The apparent volume percentage of open cells ω r of the test specimen is calculated by plotting the curve ω r = f(r) and extrapolating to r = 0, followed by calculation of the corrected volume percentage of open cells ω 0 and the corrected volume percentage of closed cells ψ 0 .
5 Test specimens
5.1 Number
A minimum of three test specimens shall be prepared for each test. A total of three tests shall be carried out per test specimen.